Periodontics is the study of the structures surrounding the teeth and their attachments to the jaws, and the study of causes, development and treatment of diseases affecting these structures. The most common diseases are gingivitis (gum inflammation) and marginal periodontitis (tooth attachment disorder). The incidence of these diseases in the adult population is significant. In the majority of the population the disease can be treated, but about 10% develop a more severe form of the disease that often leads to tooth loss. The initiating factors of marginal periodontitis are microorganisms accumulating on the tooth surfaces (biofilm) that trigger the immune system. In combination with hereditary and environmental factors, a destructive process of the periodontium develops.

The number of patients receiving implants to replace missing teeth is increasing. Infections can also occur in the supporting tissue around the implants. The pathological factors are considered the same for implants as for gingivitis and periodontitis and require extensive treatment.

KnowledgeThe students will be able to

• account for the subject concepts
• explain the structure and function of the periodontium
• to explain the causes and risk factors for developing periodontal disease, as well as differential diagnoses and conditions and disorders that predispose for periodontal disease
• account for periodontal disease in children
• explain the classification of periodontal disease including conditions related to dental implants
• explain the prevalence and incidence of periodontal disease
• explain the principles and means of periodontal diagnostics including X-ray examinations and laboratory tests
• account for different indications for periodontal therapy and prophylaxis and possess thorough knowledge of methods of prevention, treatment, monitoring and evaluation
• explain the procedures, precautions, risk assessments and follow-up maintenance
• explain how health, behaviour in general, and tobacco in particular, may affect periodontal disease, and to communicate this to the user.

SkillsThe student will be able to

• on the basis of performed clinical and radiographic examinations, make a preliminary treatment plan included evaluation of prognosis, and communicate this to the patient so that treatment can be done with informed consent
• conduct systematic conventional mechanical therapy with or without anaesthesia and be able to assess indications for adjunctive therapy in the form of antibacterial agents, perform supportive therapy after periodontal surgery, as well as providing effective maintenance therapy for teeth and dental implants specifically aimed at the individual patient
• in collaboration with the dentist participate in the surgical periodontal treatment phase related to maintenance
• know his/hers limitations in the field of periodontology, and seek advice or transfer the patient to the dentist for processing tasks beyond dental hygienist competence

General competenceThe student should

• be able to communicate with the patient for the purpose of recording medical history, conduct observations and examinations as well as journal writing as a basis for planning and offering appropriate therapy
• possess knowledge of current social security schemes and other support so that patients receive the refunds they are entitled to