This course contains clinical topics which, due to degree of difficulty and/or continuous competence ladder, belongs to the last year of study, as well as topics that will prepare the student for working life.

The aim of the course is for the student to acquire knowledge and practical/clinical skills that enable him/her to look after patient groups with special treatment needs and patients with major aesthetic treatment needs. The subject will provide knowledge about patients' dental health services and legal rights. Additionally, the subject will provide an overview of the dentist's labor market, opportunities and employment law, as well as shed light on development trends in the field in a future perspective.

The subject covers the topics:

Patients with special needs

o Oral health in rare diagnoses

o Risk patients and remediation

o Sleep medicine/treatment of sleep apnea

o Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

o Nutrition

Gerodontology

o Geriatrics - general aging, specific age-related diseases, medical risk patients

o Ethics - informed consent, patient rights, use of coercion

o Prevention - root caries, hyposalivation

o Adhesive dental restorations in the elderly

o Prosthetics in the elderly, repairs, stomatitis

o Collaboration with other health professions

o Oral and dental care in an institution and in home-based services

o Oral care in seriously ill and dying patients

Extensive oral rehabilitation

o Prosthetic repairs

o Immediate prostheses

o Combined prosthetics

o Bite rehabilitation

Health, ethics and aesthetics

o Dental treatment with ceramic materials

o Hatch closure and rebuilding of teeth using composite

o Use of orthodontic plastic splints and aesthetic movement of teeth

o Mucogingival surgery

o About patients' legal protection

Odontology in society

o Specially arranged dental health services (TOO - torture, victims of abuse and odontophobia)

o Forensic dentistry

Vocational preparation

o Options and labor market

o Practice administration

o Ethics in dental practice

o Legal framework in employment agreements

o Social benefits in the event of illness, childbirth etc.

The dentistry of the future

o Digital clinical aids

o Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The theoretical teaching is an interdisciplinary collaboration between different sections at the Department of Clinical Dentistry, Clinical Institute 1, the TAKO Center at Lovisenberg Hospital in Oslo, Norwegian Patient Injury Compensation (NPE) and the Norwegian Dental Association (NTF).

At the end of the course, the students will have the following learning outcomes:

Knowledge

The student:

• Is familiar with rare diagnoses, diseases and syndromes, as well as having knowledge of sequelae and problems in teeth and mucosa
• Has knowledge of how illness, impaired health, impaired functioning, abuse, torture or intellectual developmental disorder can affect oral health
• Has knowledge of conditions that can pose a risk during dental treatment
• Has knowledge of oral conditions that can affect other parts of the body and that can pose a risk in e.g. operative interventions
• Knows risk factors for sleep disorders and how these are treated
• Has knowledge of TMD and treatment
• Has knowledge about correlation between nutritional status and various health conditions
• Has knowledge about the caries development processes, wear and tear damage, tooth discoloration and how they manifest in the oral cavity of healthy and sick elderly people
• Has knowledge of how aging affects changes in oral health
• Has knowledge about special oral care in seriously ill and dying patients
• Has knowledge about areas of responsibility in different parts of the health services and of the cooperation between these
• Has knowledge about treatment procedures for extensive oral rehabilitation
• Has knowledge about various treatment methods in aesthetic dentistry
• Has knowledge about different types of dental ceramics and their applications areas
• Has knowledge about ethical guidelines
• Has knowledge of the patient's right/opportunity to complain in the event of damage or treatment failure
• Has knowledge about patient rights and where to refer the patient if there is a need for special facilitated dental care
• Has knowledge of how forensic dentistry can be used in the service of the court
• Has knowledge of how the dentist can be of help in the event of inquiries from the police
• Has knowledge of dental identification of the dead, age assessment of the living where there is doubt about the correct age and of tooth mark examinations in skin, foodstuffs or other objects, as well as examination of suspected perpetrators
• Has knowledge of the organization of the dental health service
• Has knowledge of legal frameworks in an employment agreement, social legal rights in the event of illness, childbirth etc.
• Has knowledge of dentists' ethical guidelines
• Has knowledge of possible future developments within the dental field

Skills

The student:

• Provides justifiable and adequate dental treatment and oral care to patients who, due to illness, reduced state of health, reduced functional capacity, abuse, torture or intellectual developmental disorder need comprehensive and/or adapted oral and dental treatment
• Can identify conditions that may pose a health risk through anamnesis and examination
• Assesses and refers to the correct body upon need
• Can carry out treatment of TMD using occlusal splints and is capable of guiding the patient in muscle exercises
• Recognizes relations between diet and oral health in patients with impaired health, impaired functioning and/or developmental disorder
• Identifies conditions that may have adverse consequences for nutritional intake, e.g. as a result of extensive surgical interventions, dry mouth and swallowing problems, toothache etc. in patients with special health challenges
• Performs diagnosis, prevention, treatment and follow-up of caries, wear damage and discoloration of tooth substance in accordance with the elderly patient's wishes, needs and requirements
• Has an understanding of social, cultural and age-related aspects that can affect the occurrence and development of various diseases and injuries in the oral cavity in healthy and sick older people
• Feels safe in the treatment situation with elderly, vulnerable and sick people
• Feels safe in communication with people with dementia
• Can independently carry out treatment with immediate prostheses or temporary prostheses
• Assesses when a prosthesis needs adjustment or repair and can carry out the necessary procedures
• Knows the treatment principles of combined prosthetics
• Can assess the causes and treatment options in case of pronounced loss of tooth substance with a need for major bite rehabilitation
• Can carry out basic aesthetic corrections and guide the patient in treatment choices and options
• Provides information and guides a patient in the event of an iatrogenic injury, side effect, complication or reaction
• Assists the police in case of enquiry

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General competence

The student:

• Integrates knowledge from previously reviewed subjects, makes a comprehensive clinical examination and assessment of every patient
• Is able to search for and find the necessary information
• Collaborates with other healthcare personnel
• Collaborates and interacts with patients and relatives
• Acknowledges own professional limitation
• Acts in line with legislation, procedures and ethical guidelines

Seminars are compulsory

All teaching is mandatory, except for lectures. The student is responsible for reporting absences, and unexcused absences are not allowed.In addition to the attendance requirements, the academic requirements must be met, both in terms of the quality of the work and sufficient practice.

Torgils Lægreid

Siri Flagestad Kvalheim